A. Victoria Mixon, Editor
Editing    Lab    Video    Book Clubs    Advice Column    About    Contact    Copyright

Sponsor

  • Today Roz Morris over on Nail Your Novel is talking about an issue that’s extremely important to writers breaking into the industry these days: advice on revision.

    I started to throw in my two cents in a comment and realized quickly that there was way too much to say in a short space, so I’m going to talk about that here today—what’s going on when your agent (or acquisitions editor) gives you advice, whom to listen to and why, and how to stay true to your own creative agenda.

    1. Acquisitions editors are not free to deal solely in issues of craft

      Once upon a time, the job of publishers’ editors was to take diamonds in the rough and help writers shape them into polished works through their professional, artistic understanding of why readers read and what makes storytelling wonderful.

      The assumption was that the higher quality their product, the more they could sell and the more loyal their readers would be.

      Today, the job of publishers’ editors is to find and negotiate a savvy financial deal on those books that will sell the most the fastest. They are no longer free to be artists—those who do edit wind up doing it on their own time, outside office hours. Their primary function is to get the books they love accepted for publication by their sales reps and the bookstore reps at their acquisitions meetings. And then to get those books published. (Not all books that are accepted get published, and those that do get published are not always handled properly.)

      The assumption is that the more books they can move off the shelves, the more money the publisher makes, even if that means leaving a trail of abandoned, suddenly unemployed authors in their wake—which happens more and more.

      Now, as Poets & Writers has pointed out, under the thumb of the marketers serving the agenda of the modern Big Six (and other publishers following in their footsteps), acquisitions editors are often the least powerful people in the process.

      This means you can fight them on their ideas for revision if you want.

      But if you try to change their minds about your book, you’re trying to change the minds of the wrong people.

    2. Agents are not editors

      Agents are salespeople. Their job was invented to create a filter between writers who may or may not know what makes a book intriguing to the reader and the publishers who provide that reader with their reading material.

      Agents screen writers and their manuscripts for those books they believe they can sell most effectively—whether through quality or topic or authors’ names—and simultaneously screen acquisitions editors for the best matches. Then they sell those manuscripts to those editors.

      Once upon a time, agents were the only screening process necessary. There were a lot of writers, yes, but there were also a lot of publishers, and the numbers were much better balanced than they are now. A lot of writers still went directly to publishers. Nobody minded. There was room for everyone, and—as John Gardner said in On Becoming a Novelist in 1983—if you wrote good books, you would get published.

      This is no longer true. As acquisitions editors are forced to edit on their evenings and weekends if they want to edit at all, the burden of editing falls mostly on those who handle manuscripts before the editors ever see them. Agents have been scrambling in recent years to carry that burden, advising writers on what sells best and how to position a book so it’s most likely to not only win the heart of an acquisitions editor but also win the hearts of the sales reps and booksellers’ reps—the marketers.

      Agents know a lot about sales and marketing. They also know a whole lot about the day-to-day fluctuations of the industry. They keep up with developments nobody else besides the publishers has time to keep up with.

      But they are not trained in craft. So when they advise you on how to shape your book for best sales, most of them really can’t offer much more in the way of art than, “I love your writing. I believe in your talent. I really, really want this manuscript to succeed.”

      The burden of craft falls entirely on you.

    3. Independent editors/freelance editors know craft

      At least, the qualified ones do.

      Be aware!

      There are far, far too many folks marketing themselves as freelance editors right now without either adequate experience or developed skills. This field is brand-new and requires no licensing, no diplomas, no proof of knowledge other than what the indie editor is willing to put out there.

      Find the independent editors who can prove they are highly-qualified.

      Ignore the rest.

      Along with the loss of editing at the publisher level has come a tsunami wave of amateur writing in recent years, ever since the explosion of the Internet. This means not only does the burden of editing fall on the writer, but a smaller and smaller percentage of aspiring writers out there have any idea what all that entails.

      Once upon a time, when someone wanted to become a writer they wanted it badly enough to devote their entire life to learning how to do it well. They didn’t write one book and immediately start trying to sell it. They wrote book after book after book, year after year, learning and honing and suffering for their craft the way professionals have always learned their trades—the hard way.

      The assumption was that you can’t break into the publishing industry if you haven’t developed your skills to compete with the highest-quality authors in your field.

      Now that so much of what’s being published is published for reasons other than quality—topic, marketing, authors’ names—at the same time that many acquisitions editors are free to choose whether or not to even edit, the quality against which aspiring writers measure themselves has dropped precipitously.

      And we need a new screening process in the industry: there are far too many aspiring writers, far too many aspiring agents, far too few publishers. The numbers are skewed to the point that they’re unmanageable.

      Just as once some writers skipped agents and went straight to publishers, now some writers skip independent editors and go straight to agents. Nobody minds. There’s room for everyone.

      But when you discuss your manuscript with an accomplished independent editor, you’re not trying to change their mind, and you’re not coping with expertise that focuses entirely on marketing rather than craft. You’re working with someone who understands your craft better than you do—an artistic mentor—who can also translate the marketing issues that are the bread-&-butter of acquisitions editors and agents into the craft that is yours.

      Most of all, you have an advocate who owes loyalty to no one but you, someone with no ulterior motive, who can help you make decisions about balancing sales and craft—in whatever way best suits your own goals and vision.

    15 Comments

15 Responses to “3 Things You Need to Know About the New Publishing Industry”

  1. Excellent article Victoria. I just posted it on the Writing Platform facebook page.

    Victoria Reply:

    Oh, thank you, Michael! How nice of you. :)

  2. Christine said on

    Have you published a post on how to check qualifications of an independent editor and red flags to watch for? I had a nightmare experience with a freelance editor, and I think it would be a great service to writers to have a checklist of sorts for some guidance going into these relationships.

    Victoria Reply:

    Yes, I sure have. I’m really sorry about your nightmare experience.

    Identifying the Best Independent Editors.

  3. Excellent advice! and it’s very interesting how things are changing. I happen to have a very editorial agent, which is intriguing (and apparently unusual these days). But I’m confident she’s helping me hone my novel to the point that it will be more successful when she goes to pitch it. :)
    Carol Riggs recently posted..First Page Critique: THE BLINDED GARDENERMy ComLuv Profile

    Victoria Reply:

    Yes, there has been a surge in the last few years since Black Wednesday, 2008, of ex-acquisitions editors becoming agents. This is excellent for networking, which is one of an agent’s core competencies (the others are business negotiation and keeping up-to-the-minute with industry news), and it also fortuitously results in agents who do have experience in the editorial chair.

    The only problem is that when you’re trying to both edit and agent you don’t have enough hours in the day to keep up both ends, so you have to prioritize, and an agent’s primary job is to agent. You must be able to choose the aspect of the industry that intrigues you most and makes best use of your native talents.

    Indie editors don’t have that problem. :)

  4. Jeffrey Russell said on

    To borrow the words of that noted husband and wife team famous for their unique delivery of wit and lyrical poetry, Sonny and Cher, “I Got You, Babe.”

    Victoria Reply:

    :) )

    I swear, Jeffrey, you’re the only person I know besides my husband whose head is as chock full of 1970s song lyrics as mine.

    “Don’t think twice, it’s all right.”

  5. Terrific post. I frequently hear that phrase of John Gardner – sad to say some people still believe it.
    I too am lucky enough to have an agent with sound editorial judgement – because he used to be an editor. Many agents in the UK have come from the other side of the fence and have decided that editorial departments have been stripped of all power.
    I worked with another agent who used to be a literary scout – finding talent to pass on to agencies. Yes, another middle man – who would think we needed them? But maybe we do, with the industry in the state it is.
    As for indie editors… it’s a minefield. And no matter how good an editor is, they won’t be right for absolutely everybody. If you’re looking for an indie editor, make sure they’re in tune with what you want to do. I also edit and I receive many more requests than I accept, because I know I won’t be a good fit for the particular author. When I do work with one, it’s always been a fruitful relationship and a great pleasure.

    Victoria Reply:

    I would love to believe Gardner’s words were still true! Oh, for the good old days.

    Yes, the move from acquisitions editor to agent has happened in the US too. There’s a current boom in new agents. It remains to be seen how many will survive and how many will move on. Writers make such a small percentage of the sales of their books, and agents make only 15% of that. I’m already seeing certain high-profile agents on social media getting out of the game for more regular paychecks.

    A good indie editor knows their own strengths and inclinations and is honest about them. There are certain genres I won’t accept, although my background is pretty diverse so I can work well in most of them. I find it intriguing that when you and I talked about this privately once you said your strengths lie more in YA—and now it turns out you’re an adept with thriller as well!

    Layers within layers. . . :)

  6. Hi Victoria,

    The Editors Association of Canada offers a certification process and plenty of ongoing professional development workshops for editors. The certification process is a bit costly, but the workshops are usually quite affordable. So, there is in fact some way of determining whether a person is reasonably qualified or not to edit another person’s work.

    Victoria Reply:

    Thank you, Susan! I added the link to your comment.

    Now, you’re not kidding about the fees for certification, plus the necessity of being close to one of the testing locations. And I notice there’s no test for Developmental Editing, which would be hard to test for, although it’s the bulk of the work I do and the work most aspiring writers need help with first.

    So this certification is only for Copy Editing and Line Editing.

    Here in the US we have the Editorial Freelancers Assocation. I don’t happen to belong to it—I haven’t gotten around to it, and I’m swimming in business as it is—so I can’t say it’s a definitive ‘Go/No Go’ arbiter, but such an organization can certainly be a helpful part of the due diligence process.

  7. [...] editor and author Victoria Mixon in 3 Things You Need to Know About the New Publishing Industry. Might these be early longings for the professional-spine-gone-missing? Now, as Mixon puts it, [...]

  8. [...] Here is a concise key to how publishing works right now: 1. Acquisitions editors are not free to deal solely in issues of craft (in other words, they don’t edit books that often). [...]

  9. Great post! I’m fortunate enough to have an independent editor who I’ve worked with for about 10 years — even if I were trying the traditional route vs. going indie, I still would rely on her for my developmental editing because she’s exceptionally good and we’ve worked together long enough that I trust her in a way I don’t know that I would trust an agent or editor. Getting a good developmental editor, IMHO, is key to reaching full potential as a writer. We as writers need somebody who has enough distance to highlight what’s working and not, and somebody who can push us to make it better. Good developmental editors do that.




"Opinionated, rumbunctious, sharp and always entertaining."
—Roz Morris, Nail Your Novel

"A gift to writers. . .an indispensible resource. . .Highly recommended."
—Larry Brooks, Story Engineering


"The freshest and most relevant advice you’ll find."
—Helen Gallagher
Seattle Post-Intelligencer

"Buy it. I recommend it."
—Dave Kuzminski
Preditors & Editors

Clients’ Successes

Scott Warrender
Short story author Scott Warrender is a Mentoring Program client. I have done full Copy, Line, & Developmental Editing on a number of short stories for him, the first of which was his poignant fictional memoir of Africa, ''The Boy With the Newsprint Kite,'' now published in the Foundling Review.

Clients’ Books


Bhaichand Patel is the author of two nonfiction books: Chasing the Good Life (Penguin Books India, October, 2006), and Happy Hours (Penguin Books India, October, 2009). I edited Patel's debut novel, When the Streets Were Cold and Dark.


I've edited a number of nonfiction essays for my friend Lucia Orth. (Many years ago, my contribution to Baby Jesus Pawn Shop was simply a peer critique and participation in a standing ovation.)


The poet Chris Ryan is the author of The Bible of Animal Feet (Farfalla Press, 2007). He has recent stories in Pank, Anemone Sidecar, and A Cappella Zoo. I edited Ryan's novel The Ishmael Blade and worked with him on his debut novel Heliophobia and WIP Pogue.